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What is a standard nozzle pressure, and what is considered to be a “low pressure” nozzle?

Standard nozzle pressure is 100 PSI per NFPA. Low-pressure nozzles operate below 100 PSI, reducing reaction force—but also stream reach and impact.

I know that the lower pressure nozzle has lower reaction (for the same flow), but do you lose anything with a low pressure nozzle?

Standard nozzle pressure is considered by NFPA and most training manuals as 100 Pounds Per Square Inch. There is nothing magic about this number and no one seems to know where it comes from. Low-pressure nozzles are any nozzle that is designed or used at a pressure below 100 PSI. As nozzle pressures go down the stream VELOCITY or SPEED goes down. The slower the speed the less impact that the stream will have and the shorter the distance it will travel. Just as higher muzzle velocities out of a rifle allow the bullet to go farther accurately, higher nozzle pressures allow the stream to go farther as well.